[Photo] Health care area of a supermarket. A wide range of supplements are available. The reason for such a distinct attitude towards supplements and awareness stems from the absence of a public healthcare system in the United States. The significant differences between supplements in Japan and the United States stem from their classification: in Japan, they are considered 'food,' while in the US, they fall under the category of 'dietary supplements,' distinct from both food and pharmaceuticals. In the US, supplements adhere to the Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP), ensuring products maintain safety and quality from raw materials to distribution. In contrast, Japan's classification of supplements as food doesn't mandate GMP, resulting in varying quality and standards among manufacturers. Moreover, American supplements tend to have higher nutrient content. This is influenced by the different conceptualization of supplement intake guidance: Japan emphasizes 'the minimum intake to prevent ill-health,' while the US promotes 'the intake for a healthy and Consequently, there is a prevalent emphasis on actively preventing illnesses andthe widespread adoption of diverse, high-quality supplements.energetic lifestyle.' Additionally, the extensive variety of supplements in the US fosters price competition, allowing consumers access to lower-priced products. Understanding these differences in quality standards and attitudes towards supplements between Japan and the US suggests that applying the US's high-quality standards and marketing strategies in Japan could increase conscious supplement intake. This, in turn, might contribute to extending 'healthy life expectancy' in Japan.Comparison of supplements between Japan and the US4
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