My name is Hiruta and I have joined the NewZ team from this issue. This is my first report, so I would like to touch on the Canada: Canada’s health care system is a “single-payer system” in which the provinces manage health care costs, financed by taxes paid by the public. The federal government provides funding to the provinces with health insurance jurisdiction, and the provincial governments distribute the funds to hospitals and physicians. Furthermore, in Canada, although there are subtle differences among the provinces, physicians receive their fees from the provinces and are not paid directly by patients, making it difficult for healthcare providers to have financial incentives. In addition, medical institutions are operated on a non-profit basis.Canada: In Canada, the foundation of access to health care is the family doctor, who serves as the first point of contact for all patients. Family physicians write referrals to specialists as needed for specific symptoms or illnesses.Since a visit to a specialist requires the family physician’s judgment, there tends to be a long waiting list. Especially in cases of major illness or when surgery is required, the wait can often be weeks or months. In areas with poor accessibility or outside of urban areas, family physicians themselves are scarce, and medical disparities are a problem.Canada: In Canada, many physicians work as “independent businesses” and their relationship with hospitals is not necessarily fixed. Physicians are paid by the state for their services, which is the main source of income.Hospitals are operated on a not-for-profit basis and receive funding from the provincial government. The government and state control the management of the hospital, and there are no management incentives based on patient volume or revenue. This makes it difficult to respond flexibly to medical demand, although the intention is to avoid providing more medical care than necessary.basic differences of the healthcare systems between Japan and Canada.Japan: Japan’s medical care system is a national health insurance system, which is financed by three sources: the national government, local governments, and insurance premiums paid by enrollees. Under this system, patients pay a portion of their medical expenses; insurance and taxes cover the remainder. Japan has a “multi-payer system” and private health insurance societies also exist as entities that pay medical expenses. In addition to public insurance, private health insurance is also used, and this system allows medical professionals to earn income by combining medical fees and patients’ co-payments.Japan: Japan is characterized by a “free access system” that allows patients to freely choose their medical institutions, and general clinics and hospitals can be seen without a referral. Specialist consultations are also possible directly without a referral, although large hospitals may charge an additional fee for an initial consultation without a referral. However, this means that large hospitals tend to be crowded, and there are cases where patients must wait for a long time.Japan: Physicians in Japan are generally employed by hospitals, and hospital work and private clinics are also prevalent. There is a system whereby physicians earn income from hospitals and clinics based on the number of patients, a structure that facilitates managerial incentives.Hospitals are a mix of public and private, and private hospitals in particular may be operated for profit. Since the number of patients directly relates to the hospital’s income, there are efforts to expand medical services, such as free medical care, and to actively attract patients.7Yuto Hiruta Langara College, Vancouver, Canada Funding source and allocation method of medical expenses Access to medical examination systems and specialists Employment and management of doctors and hospitalsDifferences between the Japanese and Canadian
元のページ ../index.html#8