Canadian and Japanese healthcare systems provide high-quality healthcare to their citizens, but significant differences exist in their structures and characteristics. The features and challenges of each system are compared and summarized below. Japan: On the other hand, Japan also has a universal health insurance system, where all citizens are covered by medical insurance. In principle, 30% of medical expenses are borne by the patient, and there is a system to reduce the burden through the high-cost medical fee system. In Japan, patients are free to choose their medical institutions, allowing them to see specialists directly. While this system of free medical care is highly convenient for patients, it also poses challenges of overutilization of medical institutions and increased burden on physicians.Japan: In Japan, patients can see specialists in person, which is characterized by short waiting times. In some cases, same-day treatment is possible without an appointment, making it extremely convenient. However, the system of free medical care has led to the overutilization of medical facilities and increased burden on doctors and nurses. In addition, in some cases, additional fees may be incurred when a patient visits a large hospital without a letter of introduction.Hello everyone, my name is Hiruta, and I will be joining the team for this report as in the previous one. This is the second time, and I would like to discuss the differences in medical care between Canada and Japan in more detail. Thank you very much for your cooperation.Canada: Canada has a universal health care system, with a public health insurance system (Medicare) administered by each province and territory. Under this system, necessary medical services are provided free of charge in principle, and taxes cover medical and hospitalization costs. However, dental care, prescription drugs, and eye care are often not covered by insurance, and these costs may be borne by the individual or covered by private insurance. Medical services are provided through a family physician (General Practitioner, GP), and a referral letter from the family physician is required to see a specialist. This referral process ensures that patients receive the appropriate treatment for their needs, but there are challenges with long waiting times.Canada: In Canada, a referral from a family physician is mandatory to see a specialist. While this system ensures that medical resources are properly managed, the referral process can be time-consuming: according to 2023 data, the average wait time to see a specialist after a referral from a family physician reached 21 weeks. Access to specialists is even more difficult, especially in rural and remote areas, and the use of telemedicine (telemedicine) is being attempted, but infrastructure and institutional challenges remain. 8Yuto Hiruta Overview of Health Care System Access to specialists Langara College, Vancouver, CanadaDifferences in Access to Medical Examination Systems and Specialists between Canada and Japan
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