•••••14Differences in employment and management of physicians and hospitals between Japan and Canada Hello, everyone. This is Yuto. I thought this year was relatively warmer than usual, but recently, we had a snowfall. The temperature is back to normal, and I am feeling calm. However, I also think I have to spend another Canadian winter at school every day. By the way, I rarely go to the hospital, but recently, I had a chance to go, and I talked with a doctor there.Canadian physicians primarily work as self-employed individuals. The majority of physicianswork in hospitals and clinics, but they do not receivetheir salaries directly from the government orhospitals. They are reimbursed on a fee-for-servicebasis through provincial health insurance plans.However, in recent years, an increasing number ofphysicians have been working on a salary-basedbasis under contract with hospitals and governmentagencies. Family physicians and physicians workingfor public medical institutions often use this system.Hospitals in Canada are public and are operated by not-for-profit corporations or government agencies. The main types of operations are as follows.Public Hospitals: These hospitals are financed bythe provincial government. Operating costs areprimarily covered by taxes, and medical services arecovered through Canada's National Health Insurance(Medicare).Teaching Hospitals: Teaching and research hospitals,affiliated with medical faculties, that provideresidency training and research services. Theyreceive funding from the provincial government butrely in part on donations and research funding.Private Clinics: Operated by some specialists andprovide treatments not covered by public insurance(e.g., cosmetic surgery and dentistry).Yuto Hiruta IntroductionEmployment and management structure of Canadian physicians and hospitals(1)Employment status of physiciansLangara College, Vancouver, Canada(2)Hospital management style
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