Conclusion12 Now, moving on to the main topic, there are three institutions that play a role in the management of the healthcare system: the Ministry of Social Insurance (the national government), the county councils, and the municipalities. Among these, the main actors are mainly the 18 county councils, 2 legions, 1 that does not belong anywhere which is Gotland, with a total of 21 municipalities. Although the scope of administrative tasks is limited, the decentralized system, in which the regions are in charge rather than the national institutions, is said to have the advantages. It helps avoid excessive centralization, ensures policies are closer to the voices of the people, and allows for more tailored responses to local needs. Moreover, the provision of medical insurance services is structured into three phases; 1) initial medical care, 2) medical care by county councils, and 3) community-based care. Level 1 consists of primary care provided by family physicians. As patients progress through the system, the level of specialization increases, while the number of available clinics decreases. This kind of institutional design plays an important role in balancing efficiency and quality, such as guiding patients to appropriate action according to urgency and need. Thus, it can be seen that the Swedish healthcare system is managed by factors such as fair access, sustainable healthcare provision, and community-based services, as well as a relatively high level of satisfaction and trust from the public. What did you think? In this article, I reported the impact of “fairness” as the axis of Sweden's healthcare management system. While everyone has equal access, that does not necessarily mean immediate access. By learning about and comparing various healthcare systems, including Japan's, we may be able to find the answer to the question of how to bridge the gap between ideals and reality. In addition, Sweden’s healthcare system is primarily tax-funded, in contrast to Japan’s insurance-based model. Approximately 70% of the financial resources come from local taxes. In most cases, there are no income-based restrictions on medical benefits, meaning the benefits apply to all Swedish residents regardless of their occupation. In this way, healthcare in Sweden functions as a public service accessible to all. However, even this extensive and highly rated health care system has its weaknesses. One major issue is the slow access to medical care, or in other words, the long waiting times. The public is often heard to say things like, “By the time you get to the hospital, you are either cured or dead,” or “It is easier to see the prime minister than to see a doctor”. Appointments are sometimes booked months in advance, and with it being difficult to reschedule, there have been many cases where people are not able to reach a diagnosis within the appropriate waiting time. In fact, when a friend of mine fell and broke a bone, it took about two weeks to get an appointment for her first visit and about a month to be diagnosed with a fracture. This made me a little uneasy and led me to relearn the management of healthcare system for the topic of this report, One of the reasons for this weakness is that the initial medical care in the three-stage operation I mentioned earlier acts as a gatekeeper. This is an issue for improvement in the current system design.
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