3 Basic Information and Current Situation in Romania In this report, I would like to report on the differences between the social security systems in Romania and Japan, as well as the regional gap in medical care in Romania. These economic disparities are also directly related to differences in educational standards and the quality of healthcare services. While Bucharest and major cities have a large number of universities and technical schools that provide access to higher education, rural areas have a limited number of schools and chronic problems with teacher availability and lack of educational resources. As a result, there are significant regional differences in higher education enrollment rates and achievement test results. The same is true for medical care. While urban areas have a high concentration of general hospitals with advanced medical equipment and specialists, many rural areas lack access to even basic medical services. Many patients have to travel for hours to urban areas for advanced treatment, and in some cases, they are forced to abandon treatment for economic and geographical reasons.(The rate of people who live in rural area in Romania as of 2023) Hello, my name is Hasumi and I will be writing for The NewZ starting from this issuue. I am currently studying political science at the University of Bucharest (Romania). Through this report, I would like to share my own views on the current situation in Romania, which is not well known in Japan. First of all, Romania has a lower standard of living than Japan. The monthly cost of living per capita in Romania is estimated to be about 100,000 yen, which is considerably lower than Japan’s average cost of living and reflects the difference in price levels. GDP per capita taking into account purchasing power parity (PPP) as of 2023 is approximately $30,000 in Romania and $40,000 in Japan, and while the numbers may not seem that big a difference, there is still a significant gap in the actual major of the domestic economy. Romania’s GDP per capita has been gradually increasing in recent years, especially since its integration into the EU, but it still remains at the “middle-developed” level of economic development, which is only about 80% of the average for the EU as a whole (27 EU countries). The country ranks 16th out of the 27 EU member countries in terms of nominal GDP, placing it in the lower economic group. An even more serious problem is the significant regional disparities within the country. In particular, economic disparities between Bucharest and the rest of the country’s regional towns and rural areas are particularly pronounced. Bucharest is Romania’s political, economic, and cultural center, where many national and international companies have their headquarters, and average salaries are significantly higher than in other regions. On the other hand, employment opportunities in rural areas are limited, with many people relying on unstable income from agriculture and seasonal labor, and unemployment rates tend to be high. In fact, when I myself took the train from Bucharest to Brasov, I was shocked at the gap between city life and the landscape outside the window, which was filled with fields and deserted farmland.Kyoichi HasumiUniversity of Bucharest (Romania)Differences between Romanian and Japanese Social Security Systems, and Romanian Problems
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