IntroductionChapter 1: One Card for Medical Records and Prescriptions? The High Efficiency of Taiwan's Medical DX One example of Taiwan's advanced healthcare is the This paper focuses on Japan's neighbor, Taiwan. Research has revealed a world of efficient and advanced healthcare that appears to be a few steps ahead of Japan in many respects. This report aims to introduce the reality of Taiwan's medical Digital Transformation (DX) and its advanced medical technologies. Through these case studies, it seeks to provide a perspective for considering the future of healthcare in Japan. In contrast, in Japan, while the government aims for 100% adoption of electronic health records by 2030 under its "Medical DX Vision 2030," the penetration rate in general hospitals remained at 65.6% as of 2023. A digital divide is apparent, with large hospitals (400+ beds) at 93.7% adoption, while smaller hospitals (under 200 beds) are at 59.0%. Under a decentralized system with many stakeholders, consensus-building for a unified platform tends to be time-consuming, which may contribute to a more gradual pace of reform. Taiwan's case suggests the possibility that system design can influence a country's digital competitiveness. For Generation Z, the increasing burden of social security contributions is an unavoidable issue. Japan's universal healthcare system has long been a world-class mechanism, but the rapid aging of its population is raising significant questions about its sustainability. Today's youth are not only beneficiaries but also the next generation of supporters of this system. However, it could be argued that there have not been enough opportunities for them to consider the design of the system and the state of healthcare as engaged parties.National Health Insurance (NHI) IC card, which is held by over 99% of the population. This is more than just an insurance card. With patient consent, physicians can access the "NHI MediCloud," a cloud-based system, to instantly view comprehensive medical information, including past visits, prescriptions, allergy information, and even imaging data like CT and MRI scans. This helps prevent duplicate prescriptions and improper drug combinations, contributing to the efficient delivery of safe, high-quality medical care. At the core of this advanced information sharing is the design of the National Health Insurance (NHI) system, introduced in 1995. In contrast to Japan's decentralized system with hundreds of insurers, Taiwan employs a centralized "single-payer system," where a single government agency, the National Health Insurance Administration, oversees the entire system. This centralized structure is considered a key factor in powerfully promoting medical DX as a national strategy. Under government leadership, the transition to IC cards for all citizens was completed in 2004, and since 2009, the government has supported the adoption of electronic health records to establish a foundation for information exchange.Graduate School of Tokyo University of Science, JapanChihiro Ito9Considering Japan's Future Through Taiwan's Medical DX
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